Tire and rim construction



Dec" 15 I J, W. MACKLIN TIRE AND RIM COEJSTRUCTION Filed Dec. 15, 1 2 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 2714M firm Dec. 15, 1925- J. W. MACKLIN TIRE AND RIM CONSTRUCTION Filed Deb. 15, 1923 l 2 Sheets'r-Sheet 2 ,ZX VENTOR "Patented I). 15, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JUSTIN w. IACKLDI, 01' LAKEWOOD, OHIO, MONO! '10 JACKSON D. OI Cull, WEST VIRGINIA.

rm m m OOII'I'IUOTIOI.

application Med December N, 1m. lerlal Io. ssosas.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Jus'rm W. Maoxmx,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Lakewood, in'the county of Guyahoga and 6 State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in a Tire and Rim vantage of certain features of standard the construction and common practices in rim manufacture. i

With the present tendency "towards larger cross-sectional diameter of tire casings and the use of very much lower pressure, oouple'd withconsequent smaller rim diameter with relation to the tread diameter, the tendency of the casing to creep on the rim' in the nor- 55 mal use of the same is very pronounced. The present "invention eliminates this diflculty without interfering with well established practices, as stated above, and assures permanent ositioning of the tire casing on the rim an is accomplished at. a very insignificant cost. 5

In the accompanying draw I have illustrated my invention as embodied in rims on which are mounted the now very widely used form of tire casings, open along the inner .iphery between the comparatively rigid liead portions, the casing containing the usual inner tube and being mounted upon a channel-like rim having a substantially flat base from which rise the side flanges of the flaring straight side or inturned clincher t l he above and other objects will become more apparent in the following. description which relates to the accomgggying drawings illustrating referred em iments of my invention. e' essential characteristics are summarized in the a pended claims.

In the drawing ig. 1 is a sectional perspective of a tire casing in position on a 'rim 4 is a sectional perspective of a strai ht side effective.

refence c cated at 10. These knobs may be formed embodying my invention. Fi 2 is a plan of a section of such rim of tfie usual split type showing the oint. Fig. 3 is a sectional perspectlve of a portion of such a rim. Fig.

s lit rim with the tire mounted t ereon,

1 l ustrating a modified part of the invention.

I 1g. 5 is a sectional plan of the same showing a fragment of the rim. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a portion of such a rim. Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic. view taken across a portion of the rim and tire bead illustrating the actionofthe forces rendering .the invention Referring to the embodimentshown in Figs 1, 2 and 8 the invention-is applied to a stra ght s1de channel type of s lit rim.

9 the parts shown by e use of aracters,-1 indicates a standard well known of tire casing construction having the usual tread portion, sidewalls 3 and portion 2, with thelnon-egiansible bead rings or grommets 4. 5 indicates the rim having upwardly, and outwardly turned side flanges 6. 3 indicates the usual inner tube within the casin At theangle between the base of the rum and the side fla s I form at intervals inwardly projectmg short transverse ribs or knobs indiso. while the rim material is bein rolled or formed by de ressing the meta inwardly :across the anlgee between the base and sideflange, thereing pro'ections on one die or roll corresponding wit depressions on the other die or roll, the latter of which' makes 1- these humps fairly abrupt and causes them to present an upwardly facing corner as shown. These knobs have an effect 00!!0". spondin somewhat to driving lugs and are referab y arranged at intervals of afew inches a art, entirely around the rim and at either si e thereof. The distance which they project into the flat portion of the base of the rim is preferably not such as to interfere with the lacing of the tire on the rim, that is, when e tire is deflated the two bead por-- tions may be brought quite close together or in contact with each other and when the rim s placed within the tire casing, and expended into placethe usual manner, these inwardiy sloping 1pro cot-ions Wlii plush. the head portion of t. e casing inwar y from the position such as that shown in dotted lines, for example, in Fig. 1. Were these projections to rise from the base of the rim or to project too far toward the center of the rim base, the placing of the tire thereon would be interfered with because if the two heads are forced together they would bridge from one transverse rib toanother and there would wedge upon them, at a distance above the base of the rim, with the result that the expansion of the rim into place wouldvbe difiicult.

It will be noted that as shown these ribs extend across the outer corner of the beads which iii-the usual tire casin oi this type is formed by molding the rubber and fabric into a stifi rigid portion assuming the shape shown, and except for the substantially idle inner edge or point or the head, the outer corner is the thickest portion from the bend or rommet, and when the tire is seated firnily against the side walls of the rim with the beads assumiu the position shown, these transverse rib kno s impress themselves into firm and rigid material of thebead, but do not injure or destroy the efi'ectiven'ess of the bead, inasmuch as they do not impress themselves towards the grommet any closer than the upper surface of the head is to the grommet. In other words, they are unpressed into and form corres ending notches in the filler or idle portion the beads, consequent upon the outward movement of these heads to the rim flanges when the tireis inflated.

I thus rovide at each side of the tire base, in e ect, a pair of o positelyfacing shoulders on each flange an compiementary shoulders fitting a amst the same on the tire bead and with these at intervals around the entire rim, the consequent relative circumfereritiai movement of tire and rim is entirely prevented, even when subjected to the severe strains of driving action or of braking effect.

When such a tire is inflated there is, of course, an outward. pull on the side walls and in fact, the entire casing tends to expand l circumferentiall 'pressure of the outer sides of the beads against the straight sides of the rim. With the lower pressure tires, it will be seen that this frictional efiect is very much reduced,

while on the other hand the use of my invention affords a very simple means of preventing the slipping of casing around the rim with greater certainty than the friction only even under the highest pressures used heretofore.

A modified construction which also takes advantage ozE-this side pressure of the beads against the inner sides of the rims, and which has some of the other advantages above set out, is illustrated in Fi e. 4 to 6 in which the base of the rim is designated 5 the side flanges 6 retainin the tire 1.. Short rib like knobs 20 are eoressed inwardly in the side flanges as indicated and terminate above the base as shown. In this form the knobs or ribs are formed by inwardiy pressing the entire thickness of the material to facilitate the formation during the rolling of the rim and when in use en" gage a thickened portion of the tire bead and yet do not interfere with piecing the rim into the tire. I

A brief summary of the more pronounced actions of the pressure within the tire cans ing seating of the tire in a rim and causing the projections 10 or to form depressions in the thickened portion of the head when the tire is inflated, may make more clear the advanta es of my invention. Referring to Fig. 7 tie expanding of the internal pressure acts upon the ring or grommet circumferentiail of the cross section of the tire casing. '1 is force is very great and may be represented by an arrow A. At the bead portion there is of course a local expansive pressure the same as throughout the restiof the internal surface, as indicated by the small arrow B, which tends to force the beadi1 radially inwardl somewhat, but the mac greater outwar ,foroe A acting on the substantially rigid bead ring gives an outwardly acting resultantwhich may be indicated approximately by the line'R. Thus it will be seen that the thickened portion oi the head will be forced tightly against the radial surface of the side flange, incidentally forming a depression therein at each inward projection, while these forces may almost entirely eliminate any inward radial pressure against the base of the rim. In

fact, after a tire hasbeen full inflated and becomes partially deflated, separation between the base of the bead and the base of the rim occurs, though the side flan e. v

I y invention is intended to include such odiiications and alterations as may come hin the scope of the ap ended claims and I do not wish to be limited embodiments shown.

Having thus described my invention, what 1' claim is oosenessand 11! of the bead may still be seated against the 7 to the precise 1. A tire casing havin bead portions of thickened fabric and ru berformed to fit straight side rims, and a rim provided with inwardly extending projections presenting an edge diagonally across the inner corner between the flange andbaae and adapted to edge adapted'to form a depression in the form a degreesion in the outer loyver corner outer portion-0f the bead consequent upon 10 of the be: conaequent nponmflation. inflation and said rejections being formed a 2. A tire easing having bead portions of by pressing the y of the metal inwardly.

l thickened fabric and rubber and a rim In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my' ada ted to be formed from sheet metal, said signature rim ing provided with inwardly extending projections each projection presenting an V JUSTIN W. MACKLIN. 

